At a glance
- The carrot's main enemy is the carrot fly. The only truly reliable protection is a fine-mesh net or fleece lying over the bed from sowing on.
- The famous companion planting with onions helps a little but does not replace the net. Do not rely on the onion scent alone.
- Straight, smooth carrots need loose, deep, stone-free soil without fresh manure. Stones and lumps of compost make the root fork.
- Sow thinly and thin out in the evening, because the scent while thinning attracts the fly. Sowing time is CW 12 to 26.
Carrots from your own bed taste sweeter and more aromatic than any from the shop. But two things like to get in the way of success: maggoty roots from the carrot fly, and crooked, forked roots. Both can be reliably prevented once you know the causes.
Plenty of home remedies circulate around the carrot fly, and most of them only half work. So here we honestly separate what really protects from what merely helps a bit. And we clear up why your carrots sometimes look like little root monsters.
Why carrots fork
The carrot (Daucus carota) forms a long taproot that grows straight down as long as nothing is in its way. When the root tip hits a stone, a lump or a hard layer, it splits and grows crooked from there. That is how the many-legged root monsters form.
Fresh manure or coarse, unrotted compost in the bed also causes forking. So for good carrots the rule is: deeply loosened, fine-crumbed and stone-free soil, and fertiliser only as ripe compost from the preceding crop.
How to sow and care for carrots
Loosen the soil deeply
Dig or loosen the bed deeply and rake out stones. On heavy soil, a raised bed or short, round varieties that need less depth help.
Sow thinly and shallow
Sow the fine seeds thinly into shallow drills, roughly from CW 12 to 26. A pinch of radish as a marker crop shows you the row early and loosens the soil.
Keep evenly moist
Carrots germinate slowly, often two to three weeks. Keep the seed drill evenly moist throughout, or germination stays patchy.
Thin in the evening
Thin to about 3 to 5 cm spacing, and do it in the evening. The carrot scent while thinning attracts the carrot fly. Take the pulled seedlings straight away with you.
Lay on net or fleece
Cover the bed from the start with a fine-mesh crop net and keep it closed. That is the only truly reliable protection from the fly.
- Typ
- Biennial root vegetable, grown as an annual
- Familie
- Umbellifers
- Standort
- Sunny, deep, loose and stone-free
- Aussaat
- Successional · CW 12 to 26
- Ernte
- June to November · CW 26 to 46
- Wasserbedarf
- Even, especially during germination
The carrot fly deserves a clear word, because so much half-knowledge circulates. Its larvae bore into the root and leave brown, maggoty tunnels that make the carrot inedible.
Carrot fly: only the net is safe
The fly flies low, usually below 50 cm, and finds the carrot by scent. A fine-mesh net or fleece directly over the bed keeps it reliably away. Alternatively a fully closed fence about 60 to 75 cm high works, because the fly does not fly over it. Always thin in the evening and leave no harvest scraps lying around.
Companion planting, honestly
Setting carrots next to onions or leeks confuses the carrot fly with the onion scent to some extent, and the onion fly the other way round. It is one of the few companion plantings with proven effect, but it is not enough on its own. Use it to complement the net, not to replace it.
Loose, stone-free soil for straight roots, a net against the fly. The rest is patience while they germinate.
The core rule for good carrots
Frequently asked questions
Why do my carrots get maggoty?
That is the carrot fly, whose larvae feed inside the root. The only safe protection is a net or fleece from sowing on. Thin in the evening and remove the thinned seedlings at once, so the scent does not attract the fly.
Is companion planting with onions enough protection?
It helps, but not on its own. The onion scent only partly masks the carrot scent and fades once the onions are harvested. Combine it with the net and you are on the safe side.
Why do my carrots fork?
Because the taproot hits an obstacle: stones, hard layers, lumps or fresh manure. Loosen the soil deeply, remove stones and fertilise only with well-rotted compost from the preceding crop.
Why do my carrots germinate so poorly?
Carrots germinate slowly and need constant moisture while doing so. If the seed drill dries out in between, many seeds stay put. A thin mulch layer or a fleece holds the moisture until the row turns green.
Can I pre-grow and transplant carrots?
Better not. The sensitive taproot resents being moved and then forks almost every time. Carrots are sown direct where they are to grow and thinned there.
Sources
- Julius Kühn Institute: growing carrots in the home and allotment garden
- Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horticulture (LWG): recognising and preventing the carrot fly
- Related in the magazine: Planting and earthing up leeks and The garden in July
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