Juniperus communis
Juniper
Common names: Common Juniper, Kranewitt, Machandel
Photo: Rasbak at Dutch Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Source
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Description
Juniperus communis is a native coniferous shrub that naturally grows on poor heaths, dry grasslands, and open pine forests. Depending on site conditions it can form a slender, columnar shrub or a broad, low cushion, often with a clear distinction between male and female plants. The inconspicuous spring flowers develop into the well‑known blue‑black berry cones that mature in the second or third year and are prized as a spice for game, sauerkraut, and stews. The plant is considered mildly toxic; immature cones are poisonous, and large amounts can irritate mucous membranes and kidneys. Pregnant individuals and those with kidney issues should avoid the cones. Juniperus communis provides cover for insects and birds throughout the year and serves as an important winter food source.
Care instructions
Choose a sunny, warm spot with a lean, well‑drained soil; if the substrate is heavy and loamy, mix in plenty of sand or gravel. Juniper grows very slowly and requires occasional watering during the first one to two years after planting in summer; thereafter it tolerates drought well. Avoid fertilising, as a nutrient‑poor site keeps the growth compact. Prune only for shape when necessary, preferably in late winter, as old wood rarely resprouts. Plant a male and a female together if you wish to harvest your own cones in autumn.
Soil & site
Soil pH
Soil type
well-drained, sandy, lean, dry
Feeding
Light feeder
Pruning
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